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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
| | | | | |
☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024
OR
| | | | | |
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
001-36560
(Commission File Number)
SYNCHRONY FINANCIAL
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | | | | | | | |
Delaware | | 51-0483352 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
777 Long Ridge Road | | |
Stamford, | Connecticut | | 06902 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) - (203) 585-2400
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| | | | | | | | |
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share | SYF | New York Stock Exchange |
Depositary Shares Each Representing a 1/40th Interest in a Share of 5.625% Fixed Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A | SYFPrA | New York Stock Exchange |
Depositary Shares Each Representing a 1/40th Interest in a Share of 8.250% Fixed Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B | SYFPrB | New York Stock Exchange |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Large Accelerated Filer | ☒ | Accelerated Filer | ☐ |
| | | |
Non-Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ☐ |
| | | |
| | Emerging Growth Company | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding as of October 18, 2024 was 389,344,383.
Synchrony Financial
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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Page |
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Item 1. Financial Statements: | |
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION | |
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Item 6. Exhibits | |
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Certain Defined Terms
Except as the context may otherwise require in this report, references to:
•“we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are to SYNCHRONY FINANCIAL and its subsidiaries;
•“Synchrony” are to SYNCHRONY FINANCIAL only;
•the “Bank” are to Synchrony Bank (a subsidiary of Synchrony);
•the “Board of Directors” or “Board” are to Synchrony's board of directors;
•“CECL” are to the impairment model known as the Current Expected Credit Loss model, which is based on expected credit losses; and
•“VantageScore” are to a credit score developed by the three major credit reporting agencies which is used as a means of evaluating the likelihood that credit users will pay their obligations.
We provide a range of credit products through programs we have established with a diverse group of national and regional retailers, local merchants, manufacturers, buying groups, industry associations and healthcare service providers, which, in our business and in this report, we refer to as our “partners.” The terms of the programs all require cooperative efforts between us and our partners of varying natures and degrees to establish and operate the programs. Our use of the term “partners” to refer to these entities is not intended to, and does not, describe our legal relationship with them, imply that a legal partnership or other relationship exists between the parties or create any legal partnership or other relationship.
Unless otherwise indicated, references to “loan receivables” do not include loan receivables held for sale.
For a description of certain other terms we use, including “active account” and “purchase volume,” see the notes to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis—Results of Operations—Other Financial and Statistical Data” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (our “2023 Form 10-K”). There is no standard industry definition for many of these terms, and other companies may define them differently than we do.
“Synchrony” and its logos and other trademarks referred to in this report, including CareCredit®, Quickscreen®, Dual Card™, Synchrony Car Care™ and SyPI™, belong to us. Solely for convenience, we refer to our trademarks in this report without the ™ and ® symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to our trademarks. Other service marks, trademarks and trade names referred to in this report are the property of their respective owners.
On our website at https://investors.synchrony.com, we make available under the "Filings & Regulatory-SEC Filings" menu selection, free of charge, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports or amendments are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information that we file electronically with the SEC.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements:
Various statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain “forward-looking statements” as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “targets,” “outlook,” “estimates,” “will,” “should,” “may,” "aim," “focus,” “confident,” “trajectory,” or words of similar meaning, but these words are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions, and are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. As a result, actual results could differ materially from those indicated in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include global political, economic, business, competitive, market, regulatory and other factors and risks, such as: the impact of macroeconomic conditions and whether industry trends we have identified develop as anticipated; retaining existing partners and attracting new partners, concentration of our revenue in a small number of partners, and promotion and support of our products by our partners; cyber-attacks or other security incidents or breaches; disruptions in the operations of our and our outsourced partners' computer systems and data centers; the financial performance of our partners; the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s ("CFPB") final rule on credit card late fees, including the timing for resolution and outcome of the litigation challenging the final rule, as well as changes to consumer behaviors in response to the final rule, if implemented, and the product, policy and pricing changes that have been or will be implemented to mitigate the impacts of the final rule; the sufficiency of our allowance for credit losses and the accuracy of the assumptions or estimates used in preparing our financial statements, including those related to the CECL accounting guidance; higher borrowing costs and adverse financial market conditions impacting our funding and liquidity, and any reduction in our credit ratings; our ability to grow our deposits in the future; damage to our reputation; our ability to securitize our loan receivables, occurrence of an early amortization of our securitization facilities, loss of the right to service or subservice our securitized loan receivables, and lower payment rates on our securitized loan receivables; changes in market interest rates and the impact of any margin compression; effectiveness of our risk management processes and procedures, reliance on models which may be inaccurate or misinterpreted, and our ability to manage our credit risk; our ability to offset increases in our costs in retailer share arrangements; competition in the consumer finance industry; our concentration in the U.S. consumer credit market; our ability to successfully develop and commercialize new or enhanced products and services; our ability to realize the value of acquisitions, dispositions and strategic investments; reductions in interchange fees; fraudulent activity; failure of third-parties to provide various services that are important to our operations; international risks and compliance and regulatory risks and costs associated with international operations; alleged infringement of intellectual property rights of others and our ability to protect our intellectual property; litigation and regulatory actions; our ability to attract, retain and motivate key officers and employees; tax legislation initiatives or challenges to our tax positions and/or interpretations, and state sales tax rules and regulations; regulation, supervision, examination and enforcement of our business by governmental authorities, the impact of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) and other legislative and regulatory developments and the impact of the CFPB's regulation of our business, including new requirements and constraints that Synchrony and the Bank are or will become subject to as a result of having $100 billion or more in total assets; impact of capital adequacy rules and liquidity requirements; restrictions that limit our ability to pay dividends and repurchase our common stock, and restrictions that limit the Bank’s ability to pay dividends to us; regulations relating to privacy, information security and data protection; use of third-party vendors and ongoing third-party business relationships; and failure to comply with anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing laws.
For the reasons described above, we caution you against relying on any forward-looking statements, which should also be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements that are included elsewhere in this report and in our public filings, including under the heading “Risk Factors Relating to Our Business” and “Risk Factors Relating to Regulation” in our 2023 Form 10-K. You should not consider any list of such factors to be an exhaustive statement of all of the risks, uncertainties, or potentially inaccurate assumptions that could cause our current expectations or beliefs to change. Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, including under the heading "Business Trends and Conditions" below, to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as otherwise may be required by law.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report and in our 2023 Form 10-K. The discussion below contains forward-looking statements that are based upon current expectations and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these expectations. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Introduction and Business Overview
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We are a premier consumer financial services company delivering one of the industry's most complete, digitally-enabled product suites. Our experience, expertise and scale encompass a broad spectrum of industries including digital, health and wellness, retail, telecommunications, home, auto, outdoor, pet and more. We have an established and diverse group of national and regional retailers, local merchants, manufacturers, buying groups, industry associations and healthcare service providers, which we refer to as our “partners.” For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we financed $45.0 billion and $134.2 billion of purchase volume, respectively, and had 70.4 million and 71.1 million average active accounts, respectively, and at September 30, 2024, we had $102.2 billion of loan receivables.
We offer our credit products primarily through our wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. In addition, through the Bank, we offer, directly to retail, affinity relationships and commercial customers, a range of deposit products insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), including certificates of deposit, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), money market accounts, savings accounts and sweep and affinity deposits. We also take deposits at the Bank through third-party securities brokerage firms that offer our FDIC-insured deposit products to their customers. We have significantly expanded our online direct banking operations in recent years and our deposit base has continued to serve as a source of stable and diversified low cost funding for our credit activities. At September 30, 2024, we had $82.3 billion in deposits, which represented 84% of our total funding sources.
Our Sales Platforms
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We conduct our operations through a single business segment. Profitability and expenses, including funding costs, credit losses and operating expenses, are managed for the business as a whole. Substantially all of our revenue activities are within the United States. We primarily manage our credit products through five sales platforms (Home & Auto, Digital, Diversified & Value, Health & Wellness and Lifestyle). Those platforms are organized by the types of partners we work with, and are measured on interest and fees on loans, loan receivables, active accounts and other sales metrics.
Home & Auto
Our Home & Auto sales platform provides comprehensive payments and financing solutions with integrated in-store and digital experiences through a broad network of partners and merchants providing home and automotive merchandise and services, as well as our Synchrony Car Care network and Synchrony HOME credit card offering. Our Home & Auto sales platform partners include a wide range of key retailers in the home improvement, furniture, bedding, flooring, appliance and electronics industry, such as Ashley HomeStores LTD, Floor & Decor, Lowe's, and Mattress Firm, as well as automotive merchandise and services, such as Chevron and Discount Tire. In addition, we also have program agreements with manufacturers, buying groups and industry associations, such as Generac, Nationwide Marketing Group and the Home Furnishings Association.
Digital
Our Digital sales platform provides comprehensive payments and financing solutions with integrated digital experiences through partners and merchants who primarily engage with their consumers through digital channels. Our Digital sales platform includes key partners delivering digital payment solutions, such as PayPal, including our Venmo program, online marketplaces, such as Amazon and eBay, and digital-first brands and merchants, such as Verizon, the Qurate brands, and Fanatics.
Diversified & Value
Our Diversified & Value sales platform provides comprehensive payments and financing solutions with integrated in-store and digital experiences through large retail partners who deliver everyday value to consumers shopping for daily needs or important life moments. Our Diversified & Value sales platform is comprised of five large retail partners: Belk, Fleet Farm, JCPenney, Sam's Club and TJX Companies, Inc.
Health & Wellness
Our Health & Wellness sales platform provides comprehensive healthcare payments and financing solutions, through a network of providers and health systems, for those seeking health and wellness care for themselves, their families and their pets, and includes our CareCredit brand, as well as partners such as Walgreens.
Lifestyle
Lifestyle provides comprehensive payments and financing solutions with integrated in-store and digital experiences through partners and merchants who offer merchandise in power sports, outdoor power equipment, and other industries such as sporting goods, apparel, jewelry and music. Our Lifestyle sales platform partners include a wide range of key retailers in the apparel, specialty retail, outdoor, music and luxury industry, such as American Eagle, Dick's Sporting Goods, Guitar Center, Kawasaki, Pandora, Polaris, Suzuki and Sweetwater.
Corp, Other
Corp, Other includes activity and balances related to certain program agreements with retail partners and merchants that will not be renewed beyond their current expiration date and certain programs that were previously terminated, which are not managed within the five sales platforms discussed above. Corp, Other also includes amounts related to changes in the fair value of equity investments and realized gains or losses associated with the sale of businesses and investments.
Our Credit Products
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Through our sales platforms, we offer three principal types of credit products: credit cards, commercial credit products and consumer installment loans. We also offer our Payment Security program, which is a debt cancellation product.
The following table sets forth each credit product by type and indicates the percentage of our total loan receivables that are under standard terms only or pursuant to a promotional financing offer at September 30, 2024.
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Credit Product | Standard Terms Only | | Deferred Interest | | Other Promotional | | Total |
Credit cards | 59.2 | % | | 18.5 | % | | 14.3 | % | | 92.0 | % |
Commercial credit products | 1.8 | | | — | | | 0.1 | | | 1.9 | |
Consumer installment loans | — | | | 0.2 | | | 5.8 | | | 6.0 | |
Other | 0.1 | | | — | | | — | | | 0.1 | |
Total | 61.1 | % | | 18.7 | % | | 20.2 | % | | 100.0 | % |
Credit Cards
We offer the following principal types of credit cards:
•Private Label Credit Cards. Private label credit cards are partner-branded credit cards (e.g., Lowe’s or Amazon) or program-branded credit cards (e.g., Synchrony Car Care or CareCredit) that are used primarily for the purchase of goods and services from the partner or within the program network. In addition, in some cases, cardholders may be permitted to access their credit card accounts for cash advances. Credit under our private label credit cards typically is extended either on standard terms only or pursuant to a promotional financing offer.
•Dual Cards and General Purpose Co-Branded Cards. Our patented Dual Cards are credit cards that function as private label credit cards when used to purchase goods and services from our partners, and as general purpose credit cards when used to make purchases from other retailers wherever cards from those card networks are accepted or for cash advance transactions. We also offer general purpose co-branded credit cards that do not function as private label credit cards, as well as a Synchrony-branded general purpose credit card. Dual Cards and general purpose co-branded credit cards are offered across all of our sales platforms and credit is typically extended on standard terms only. We offer either Dual Cards or general purpose co-branded credit cards through over 15 of our large partners, of which the majority are Dual Cards, as well as our CareCredit Dual Card. Consumer Dual Cards and Co-Branded cards totaled 26% of our total loan receivables portfolio at September 30, 2024.
Commercial Credit Products
We offer private label cards and Dual Cards for commercial customers that are similar to our consumer offerings. We also offer a commercial pay-in-full accounts receivable product to a wide range of business customers.
Installment Loans
We originate secured installment loans to consumers (and a limited number of commercial customers) in the United States, primarily for power products in our Outdoor market (motorcycles, ATVs and lawn and garden). We also offer unsecured installment loans primarily in our Home and Auto and Health and Wellness sales platforms and through our various other installment products, such as our Synchrony Pay Later solutions, including pay monthly and pay in 4 products, for short-term loans. Installment loans are closed-end credit accounts where the customer pays down the outstanding balance in installments. Installment loans are generally assessed periodic finance charges using fixed interest rates. Installment loans at September 30, 2024 include loan receivables related to Ally Financial Inc.'s point of sale financing business, ("Ally Lending") that was acquired in March 2024.
Business Trends and Conditions
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We believe our business and results of operations will be impacted in the future by various trends and conditions. For a discussion of certain trends and conditions, see “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Business Trends and Conditions” in our 2023 Form 10-K. For a discussion of how certain trends and conditions impacted the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, see “—Results of Operations.”
CFPB final rule on credit card late fees.
On March 5, 2024, the CFPB released a final rule amending its regulations that implement the Truth in Lending Act to, among other things, lower the safe harbor dollar amount for credit card late fees from the prior $30 (adjusted to $41 for each subsequent late payment within the next six billing cycles) to $8 and to eliminate the automatic annual inflation adjustment to such safe harbor dollar amount. The final rule, when effective, will result in a significant reduction in our interest and fees on loan receivables. Industry organizations have challenged the final rule in court, and the ultimate outcome of such challenge, including the impact on the final rule, is uncertain. The final rule had an original effective date of May 14, 2024; however, on May 10, 2024, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas granted an injunction and stay of the final rule, and the injunction granted remains in effect.
Due to the pending litigation discussed above, which has resulted in a delay in the final rule’s effective date, it remains uncertain whether the final rule will become effective in 2024. As a result, the magnitude of the adverse effects to our results of operations in 2024 also remains uncertain.
In anticipation that the final rule will become effective, we are in the process of implementing a number of product, policy and pricing changes to adjust for the significant reduction in our late fee income. The effects of these changes have started to be reflected in our Consolidated Statement of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
While we continue to believe that over time, the strategies we have identified and are in the process of implementing will fully offset the decline in late fee income resulting from an effective final rule, it may take time for such product, policy and pricing changes to offset the expected reduction in late fees. In addition, we expect that upon the final rule becoming effective, the combined net effects of the final rule and our mitigating strategies would result in a decrease in payments to partners pursuant to our retailer share arrangements. However, the effects of the final rule are also subject to other factors that could increase the adverse effects to our results of operations, including our ability to successfully implement the product, policy and pricing changes we have identified, as well as any potential changes in consumer behavior in response to these changes or the final rule itself.
For a discussion of risks related to a CFPB final late fee rule, please see “—Risk Factors Relating to our Business—The CFPB’s proposed rule on credit card late fees, if adopted, would materially adversely affect our business and results of operations”, in our 2023 Form 10-K.
Growth in loan receivables and interest income.
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we experienced a decrease in purchase volume of 4.3% compared to the prior year period, primarily driven by lower consumer spending and the impacts from credit actions we have taken across our portfolio where we have seen indications of higher probability of default. We expect these same factors to now result in a low single digit decrease in purchase volume for the year ending December 31, 2024. As a result, while we still anticipate loan receivables to increase for the remainder of 2024, we expect the rate of growth to moderate.
All of the factors discussed above and in our 2023 Form 10-K, such as customer payment behavior and the CFPB final rule on credit card late fees, will continue to have an effect on our loan receivables and interest income. For additional discussion of those factors, please see “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Business Trends and Conditions-CFPB final rule on credit card late fees" and "—Growth in loan receivables and interest income” in our 2023 Form 10-K.
Seasonality
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We experience fluctuations in transaction volumes and the level of loan receivables as a result of higher seasonal consumer spending and payment patterns that typically result in an increase of loan receivables from August through a peak in late December, with reductions in loan receivables typically occurring over the first and second quarters of the following year as customers pay their balances down.
The seasonal impact to transaction volumes and the loan receivables balance typically results in fluctuations in our results of operations, delinquency metrics and the allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loan receivables between quarterly periods.
In addition to the seasonal variance in loan receivables discussed above, we also typically experience a seasonal increase in delinquency rates and delinquent loan receivables balances during the third and fourth quarters of each year due to lower customer payment rates, resulting in higher net charge-off rates in the first half of the calendar year. Our delinquency rates and delinquent loan receivables balances typically decrease during the subsequent first and second quarters as customers begin to pay down their loan balances and return to current status, resulting in lower net charge-off rates in the second half of the calendar year. Because customers who were delinquent during the fourth quarter of a calendar year have a higher probability of returning to current status when compared to customers who are delinquent at the end of each of our interim reporting periods, we expect that a higher proportion of delinquent accounts outstanding at an interim period end will result in charge-offs, as compared to delinquent accounts outstanding at a year end. Consistent with this historical experience, we generally experience a higher allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loan receivables at the end of an interim period, as compared to the end of a calendar year. In addition, even in instances of improving credit metrics such as declining past due amounts, we may experience an increase in our allowance for credit losses at an interim period end compared to the prior year end, reflecting these same seasonal trends.
However, in addition to these seasonal trends, the moderation in customer payment behavior from the previously elevated levels we experienced in recent periods, has also significantly impacted our key financial metrics, such as our net charge-off rate, and also the fluctuations experienced between quarterly periods. The effects from these changes in customer payment behavior have resulted and may continue to result in either partial, or in some instances full, offset to the impact from the ongoing seasonal trends discussed above.
Results of Operations
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Highlights for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Below are highlights of our performance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, as applicable, except as otherwise noted.
•Net earnings increased to $789 million from $628 million and to $2.7 billion from $1.8 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in the three months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by higher net interest income and lower retailer share arrangements, partially offset by an increase in provision for credit losses. The increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by the after-tax gain on sale related to Pets Best of $802 million, as well as the same trends experienced in the three months ended September 30, 2024.
•Loan receivables increased 4.4% to $102.2 billion at September 30, 2024 compared to $97.9 billion at September 30, 2023, primarily driven by lower customer payment rates and the completion of the Ally Lending acquisition, partially offset by lower purchase volume.
•Net interest income increased 5.7% to $4.6 billion and 7.1% to $13.4 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. Interest and fees on loans increased 7.2% and 10.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by growth in average loan receivables, the impact of our product, pricing and policy changes and lower payment rate, partially offset by higher reversals. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, interest expense increased 18.5% and 33.8%, respectively, due to higher benchmark rates and higher interest-bearing liabilities.
•Retailer share arrangements decreased 6.6% to $914 million and 10.6% to $2.5 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily due to higher net charge-offs.
•Over-30 day loan delinquencies as a percentage of period-end loan receivables increased 38 basis points to 4.78% at September 30, 2024 compared to September 30, 2023. The net charge-off rate increased 146 basis points to 6.06% and increased 164 basis points to 6.26% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
•Provision for credit losses increased by $109 million, or 7.3%, and $1.0 billion, or 24.3%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by higher net charge-offs, partially offset by lower reserve builds. The reserve build in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included $180 million related to the Ally Lending acquisition. Our allowance coverage ratio (allowance for credit losses as a percentage of period-end loan receivables) increased to 10.79% at September 30, 2024, as compared to 10.40% at September 30, 2023.
•Other income increased by $27 million to $119 million, and by $1.2 billion to $1.4 billion for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The increase in the three months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by the impact of our product, pricing and policy change related fees, partially offset by the impact of the Pets Best disposition and venture investment gains and losses. The increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by the $1.1 billion gain on sale related to the Pets Best disposition.
•Other expense increased by $35 million, or 3.0%, and $130 million, or 3.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The increase in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by costs related to the Ally Lending acquisition, technology investments, and preparatory expenses related to the late fee rule change, partially offset by lower operational losses.
•At September 30, 2024, deposits represented 84% of our total funding sources. Total deposits increased by 1.4% to $82.3 billion at September 30, 2024, compared to December 31, 2023.
•During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we declared and paid cash dividends totaling $51 million on our Series A 5.625% fixed rate non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock and our Series B 8.250% fixed rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock.
•During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased $900 million of our outstanding common stock, and declared and paid cash dividends of $0.75 per share, or $301 million in the aggregate. In April 2024, the Board of Directors approved an incremental share repurchase program of up to $1.0 billion, through June 30, 2025, and maintained the quarterly dividend at its current amount of $0.25 per common share. At September 30, 2024 we had a total share repurchase authorization of $700 million remaining. For more information, see “Capital—Dividend and Share Repurchases.”
•In March 2024, we sold our wholly-owned subsidiary, Pets Best, for consideration comprising a combination of cash and an equity interest in Independence Pet Holdings, Inc. The sale resulted in the recognition of a gain on sale of $1.1 billion, or $802 million net of tax.
•In March 2024, we acquired Ally Lending for cash consideration of $2.0 billion. The assets and liabilities of Ally Lending primarily included loan receivables with an unpaid principal balance of $2.2 billion. See Note 3. Acquisitions and Dispositions to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
2024 Partner Agreements
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we continued to expand and diversify our portfolio with the addition or renewal of more than 55 partners, as well as enter new strategic relationships, which included the following:
•In our Home & Auto sales platform, we announced our new partnerships with Bel Furniture and The Carpet Guys and extended our program agreements with Associated Materials, BrandsMart and Jerome's Furniture Warehouse.
•In our Digital sales platform, we announced our new partnership with Virgin Red and extended our program agreement with Cathay Pacific and Verizon.
•In our Health & Wellness sales platform, we expanded our network through our new partnerships with Bond Veterinary, Lakefield Veterinary Group, LaserAway and Western Veterinary and extended our program agreements with Bosley, Innovetive, LCA Vision and SCI. We also launched the integration of our CareCredit card with Pets Best to enable direct insurance claim reimbursement for customers.
•In our Lifestyle sales platform, we announced our new partnerships with BRP and Gibson and extended our program agreements with CF Moto, Daniel's, Dick's Sporting Goods, and EC Barton and Reeds.
•We added two new strategic technology partnerships with Adit Practice Management Software and ServiceTitan, both of which expand access for customers to our suite of credit products.
•We entered into a relationship with Atlanticus Holdings Corporation to deliver a preferred second look financing solution for private label credit cards and installment loan products across our business.
Summary Earnings
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods indicated.
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| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Interest income | $ | 5,785 | | | $ | 5,354 | | | $ | 16,935 | | | $ | 15,161 | |
Interest expense | 1,176 | | | 992 | | | 3,516 | | | 2,628 | |
Net interest income | 4,609 | | | 4,362 | | | 13,419 | | | 12,533 | |
Retailer share arrangements | (914) | | | (979) | | | (2,488) | | | (2,783) | |
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Provision for credit losses | 1,597 | | | 1,488 | | | 5,172 | | | 4,161 | |
Net interest income, after retailer share arrangements and provision for credit losses | 2,098 | | | 1,895 | | | 5,759 | | | 5,589 | |
Other income | 119 | | | 92 | | | 1,393 | | | 218 | |
Other expense | 1,189 | | | 1,154 | | | 3,572 | | | 3,442 | |
Earnings before provision for income taxes | 1,028 | | | 833 | | | 3,580 | | | 2,365 | |
Provision for income taxes | 239 | | | 205 | | | 855 | | | 567 | |
Net earnings | $ | 789 | | | $ | 628 | | | $ | 2,725 | | | $ | 1,798 | |
Net earnings available to common stockholders | $ | 768 | | | $ | 618 | | | $ | 2,674 | | | $ | 1,767 | |
Other Financial and Statistical Data
The following table sets forth certain other financial and statistical data for the periods indicated.
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| At and for the | | At and for the |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Financial Position Data (Average): | | | | | | | |
Loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 102,009 | | | $ | 96,230 | | | $ | 101,484 | | | $ | 93,198 | |
Total assets | $ | 119,389 | | | $ | 110,335 | | | $ | 119,429 | | | $ | 108,209 | |
Deposits | $ | 82,487 | | | $ | 76,353 | | | $ | 82,872 | | | $ | 74,750 | |
Borrowings | $ | 15,785 | | | $ | 14,806 | | | $ | 15,924 | | | $ | 14,683 | |
Total equity | $ | 15,815 | | | $ | 13,758 | | | $ | 15,318 | | | $ | 13,537 | |
Selected Performance Metrics: | | | | | | | |
Purchase volume(1)(2) | $ | 44,985 | | | $ | 47,006 | | | $ | 134,218 | | | $ | 135,839 | |
Home & Auto | $ | 11,361 | | | $ | 12,273 | | | $ | 34,369 | | | $ | 35,989 | |
Digital | $ | 13,352 | | | $ | 13,808 | | | $ | 39,383 | | | $ | 39,541 | |
Diversified & Value | $ | 14,992 | | | $ | 15,445 | | | $ | 44,348 | | | $ | 44,240 | |
Health & Wellness | $ | 3,867 | | | $ | 3,990 | | | $ | 11,936 | | | $ | 11,695 | |
Lifestyle | $ | 1,411 | | | $ | 1,490 | | | $ | 4,180 | | | $ | 4,372 | |
Corp, Other | $ | 2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 2 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands)(2)(3) | 70,424 | | | 70,308 | | | 71,052 | | | 69,842 | |
Net interest margin(4) | 15.04 | % | | 15.36 | % | | 14.68 | % | | 15.17 | % |
Net charge-offs | $ | 1,553 | | | $ | 1,116 | | | $ | 4,759 | | | $ | 3,218 | |
Net charge-offs (annualized) as a % of average loan receivables, including held for sale | 6.06 | % | | 4.60 | % | | 6.26 | % | | 4.62 | % |
Allowance coverage ratio(5) | 10.79 | % | | 10.40 | % | | 10.79 | % | | 10.40 | % |
Return on assets(6) | 2.6 | % | | 2.3 | % | | 3.0 | % | | 2.2 | % |
Return on equity(7) | 19.8 | % | | 18.1 | % | | 23.8 | % | | 17.8 | % |
Equity to assets(8) | 13.25 | % | | 12.47 | % | | 12.83 | % | | 12.51 | % |
Other expense (annualized) as a % of average loan receivables, including held for sale | 4.64 | % | | 4.76 | % | | 4.70 | % | | 4.94 | % |
Efficiency ratio(9) | 31.2 | % | | 33.2 | % | | 29.0 | % | | 34.5 | % |
Effective income tax rate | 23.2 | % | | 24.6 | % | | 23.9 | % | | 24.0 | % |
Selected Period-End Data: | | | | | | | |
Loan receivables | $ | 102,193 | | | $ | 97,873 | | | $ | 102,193 | | | $ | 97,873 | |
Allowance for credit losses | $ | 11,029 | | | $ | 10,176 | | | $ | 11,029 | | | $ | 10,176 | |
30+ days past due as a % of period-end loan receivables(10) | 4.78 | % | | 4.40 | % | | 4.78 | % | | 4.40 | % |
90+ days past due as a % of period-end loan receivables(10) | 2.33 | % | | 2.06 | % | | 2.33 | % | | 2.06 | % |
Total active accounts (in thousands)(3) | 69,965 | | | 70,137 | | | 69,965 | | | 70,137 | |
______________________(1)Purchase volume, or net credit sales, represents the aggregate amount of charges incurred on credit cards or other credit product accounts less returns during the period.
(2)Includes activity and accounts associated with loan receivables held for sale.
(3)Active accounts represent credit card or installment loan accounts on which there has been a purchase, payment or outstanding balance in the current month.
(4)Net interest margin represents annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.
(5)Allowance coverage ratio represents allowance for credit losses divided by total period-end loan receivables.
(6)Return on assets represents annualized net earnings as a percentage of average total assets.
(7)Return on equity represents annualized net earnings as a percentage of average total equity.
(8)Equity to assets represents average total equity as a percentage of average total assets.
(9)Efficiency ratio represents (i) other expense, divided by (ii) sum of net interest income, plus other income, less retailer share arrangements.
(10)Based on customer statement-end balances extrapolated to the respective period-end date.
Average Balance Sheet
The following tables set forth information for the periods indicated regarding average balance sheet data, which are used in the discussion of interest income, interest expense and net interest income that follows.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2024 | | 2023 | | |
Three months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | Average Balance | | Interest Income / Expense | | Average Yield / Rate(1) | | Average Balance | | Interest Income/ Expense | | Average Yield / Rate(1) | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-earning cash and equivalents(2) | $ | 17,316 | | | $ | 235 | | | 5.40 | % | | $ | 12,753 | | | $ | 172 | | | 5.35 | % | | |
Securities available for sale | 2,587 | | | 28 | | | 4.31 | % | | 3,706 | | | 31 | | | 3.32 | % | | |
Loan receivables, including held for sale(3): | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit cards | 93,785 | | | 5,236 | | | 22.21 | % | | 90,587 | | | 5,003 | | | 21.91 | % | | |
Consumer installment loans | 6,107 | | | 238 | | | 15.50 | % | | 3,656 | | | 108 | | | 11.72 | % | | |
Commercial credit products | 1,992 | | | 46 | | | 9.19 | % | | 1,861 | | | 38 | | | 8.10 | % | | |
Other | 125 | | | 2 | | | 6.37 | % | | 126 | | | 2 | | | 6.30 | % | | |
Total loan receivables, including held for sale | 102,009 | | | 5,522 | | | 21.54 | % | | 96,230 | | | 5,151 | | | 21.24 | % | | |
Total interest-earning assets | 121,912 | | | 5,785 | | | 18.88 | % | | 112,689 | | | 5,354 | | | 18.85 | % | | |
Non-interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | 847 | | | | | | | 964 | | | | | | | |
Allowance for credit losses | (10,994) | | | | | | | (9,847) | | | | | | | |
Other assets | 7,624 | | | | | | | 6,529 | | | | | | | |
Total non-interest-earning assets | (2,523) | | | | | | | (2,354) | | | | | | | |
Total assets | $ | 119,389 | | | | | | | $ | 110,335 | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing deposit accounts | $ | 82,100 | | | $ | 968 | | | 4.69 | % | | $ | 75,952 | | | $ | 800 | | | 4.18 | % | | |
Borrowings of consolidated securitization entities | 7,817 | | | 108 | | | 5.50 | % | | 6,096 | | | 86 | | | 5.60 | % | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Senior and subordinated unsecured notes | 7,968 | | | 100 | | | 4.99 | % | | 8,710 | | | 106 | | | 4.83 | % | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 97,885 | | | 1,176 | | | 4.78 | % | | 90,758 | | | 992 | | | 4.34 | % | | |
Non-interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest-bearing deposit accounts | 387 | | | | | | | 401 | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities | 5,302 | | | | | | | 5,418 | | | | | | | |
Total non-interest-bearing liabilities | 5,689 | | | | | | | 5,819 | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | 103,574 | | | | | | | 96,577 | | | | | | | |
Equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity | 15,815 | | | | | | | 13,758 | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 119,389 | | | | | | | $ | 110,335 | | | | | | | |
Interest rate spread(4) | | | | | 14.10 | % | | | | | | 14.51 | % | | |
Net interest income | | | $ | 4,609 | | | | | | | $ | 4,362 | | | | | |
Net interest margin(5) | | | | | 15.04 | % | | | | | | 15.36 | % | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2024 | | 2023 | | |
Nine months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | Average Balance | | Interest Income / Expense | | Average Yield / Rate(1) | | Average Balance | | Interest Income/ Expense | | Average Yield / Rate(1) | | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-earning cash and equivalents(2) | $ | 17,685 | | | $ | 720 | | | 5.44 | % | | $ | 13,107 | | | $ | 490 | | | 5.00 | % | | |
Securities available for sale | 2,915 | | | 99 | | | 4.54 | % | | 4,138 | | | 92 | | | 2.97 | % | | |
Loan receivables, including held for sale(3): | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit cards | 93,757 | | | 15,345 | | | 21.86 | % | | 87,914 | | | 14,179 | | | 21.56 | % | | |
Consumer installment loans | 5,644 | | | 630 | | | 14.91 | % | | 3,375 | | | 285 | | | 11.29 | % | | |
Commercial credit products | 1,957 | | | 134 | | | 9.15 | % | | 1,789 | | | 108 | | | 8.07 | % | | |
Other | 126 | | | 7 | | | 7.42 | % | | 120 | | | 7 | | | 7.80 | % | | |
Total loan receivables, including held for sale | 101,484 | | | 16,116 | | | 21.21 | % | | 93,198 | | | 14,579 | | | 20.91 | % | | |
Total interest-earning assets | 122,084 | | | 16,935 | | | 18.53 | % | | 110,443 | | | 15,161 | | | 18.35 | % | | |
Non-interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | 892 | | | | | | | 987 | | | | | | | |
Allowance for credit losses | (10,850) | | | | | | | (9,552) | | | | | | | |
Other assets | 7,303 | | | | | | | 6,331 | | | | | | | |
Total non-interest-earning assets | (2,655) | | | | | | | (2,234) | | | | | | | |
Total assets | $ | 119,429 | | | | | | | $ | 108,209 | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest-bearing deposit accounts | $ | 82,481 | | | $ | 2,889 | | | 4.68 | % | | $ | 74,340 | | | $ | 2,074 | | | 3.73 | % | | |
Borrowings of consolidated securitization entities | 7,686 | | | 323 | | | 5.61 | % | | 6,062 | | | 241 | | | 5.32 | % | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Senior and subordinated unsecured notes | 8,238 | | | 304 | | | 4.93 | % | | 8,621 | | | 313 | | | 4.85 | % | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 98,405 | | | 3,516 | | | 4.77 | % | | 89,023 | | | 2,628 | | | 3.95 | % | | |
Non-interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest-bearing deposit accounts | 391 | | | | | | | 410 | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities | 5,315 | | | | | | | 5,239 | | | | | | | |
Total non-interest-bearing liabilities | 5,706 | | | | | | | 5,649 | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | 104,111 | | | | | | | 94,672 | | | | | | | |
Equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity | 15,318 | | | | | | | 13,537 | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 119,429 | | | | | | | $ | 108,209 | | | | | | | |
Interest rate spread(4) | | | | | 13.76 | % | | | | | | 14.41 | % | | |
Net interest income | | | $ | 13,419 | | | | | | | $ | 12,533 | | | | | |
Net interest margin(5) | | | | | 14.68 | % | | | | | | 15.17 | % | | |
________________________________________
(1)Average yields/rates are based on annualized total interest income/expense divided by average balances.
(2)Includes average restricted cash balances of $57 million and $151 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $76 million and $324 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(3)Interest income on loan receivables includes fees on loans, which primarily consist of late fees on our credit products, of $652 million and $694 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $1.9 billion and $2.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
(4)Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on total interest-earning assets and the rate on total interest-bearing liabilities.
(5)Net interest margin represents annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.
For a summary description of the composition of our key line items included in our Statements of Earnings, see Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2023 Form 10-K.
Interest Income
Interest income increased by $431 million, or 8.1%, and $1.8 billion, or 11.7%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by increases in interest and fees on loans of 7.2% and 10.5%, respectively. The increases in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 in interest and fees on loans were primarily driven by growth in average loan receivables, the impact of our product, pricing and policy changes and lower customer payment rates, partially offset by higher reversals.
Average interest-earning assets
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Three months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | 2024 | | % | | 2023 | | % | | | | |
Loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 102,009 | | | 83.7 | % | | $ | 96,230 | | | 85.4 | % | | | | |
Liquidity portfolio and other | 19,903 | | | 16.3 | % | | 16,459 | | | 14.6 | % | | | | |
Total average interest-earning assets | $ | 121,912 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 112,689 | | | 100.0 | % | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nine months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | 2024 | | % | | 2023 | | % |
Loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 101,484 | | | 83.1 | % | | $ | 93,198 | | | 84.4 | % |
Liquidity portfolio and other | 20,600 | | | 16.9 | % | | 17,245 | | | 15.6 | % |
Total average interest-earning assets | $ | 122,084 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 110,443 | | | 100.0 | % |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale, increased 6.0% and 8.9% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by lower customer payment rates and the impact of the Ally Lending acquisition, partially offset by lower purchase volume. Purchase volume decreased by 4.3% and 1.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, reflecting lower consumer spend as well as the impact of credit actions, partially offset by the Ally Lending acquisition. The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was also partially offset by growth in average active accounts of 1.7%.
Yield on average interest-earning assets
The yield on average interest-earning assets increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily due to increases in the yield on average loan receivables. The loan receivable yield increased 30 basis points for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 to 21.54% and 21.21%, respectively.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased by $184 million to $1.2 billion, and $888 million to $3.5 billion, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, due to higher benchmark rates and higher interest-bearing liabilities. Our cost of funds increased to 4.78% and 4.77% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to 4.34% and 3.95% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.
Average interest-bearing liabilities
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Three months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | 2024 | | % | | 2023 | | % | | | | |
Interest-bearing deposit accounts | $ | 82,100 | | | 83.9 | % | | $ | 75,952 | | | 83.7 | % | | | | |
Borrowings of consolidated securitization entities | 7,817 | | | 8.0 | % | | 6,096 | | | 6.7 | % | | | | |
Senior and subordinated unsecured notes | 7,968 | | | 8.1 | % | | 8,710 | | | 9.6 | % | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total average interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 97,885 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 90,758 | | | 100.0 | % | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nine months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | 2024 | | % | | 2023 | | % |
Interest-bearing deposit accounts | $ | 82,481 | | | 83.8 | % | | $ | 74,340 | | | 83.5 | % |
Borrowings of consolidated securitization entities | 7,686 | | | 7.8 | % | | 6,062 | | | 6.8 | % |
Senior and subordinated unsecured notes | 8,238 | | | 8.4 | % | | 8,621 | | | 9.7 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Total average interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 98,405 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 89,023 | | | 100.0 | % |
Net Interest Income
Net interest income increased by $247 million, or 5.7%, and $886 million, or 7.1%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, resulting from the changes in interest income and interest expense discussed above.
Retailer Share Arrangements
Retailer share arrangements decreased by $65 million, or 6.6%, and $295 million, or 10.6%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily due to higher net charge-offs.
Provision for Credit Losses
Provision for credit losses increased by $109 million, or 7.3%, and $1.0 billion, or 24.3%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by higher net charge-offs, partially offset by lower reserve builds in the current year. The net charge-off rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 increased by 146 basis points to 6.06%, as compared to the prior year period, and was 97 basis points above the average of the third quarters of 2017 through 2019. The reserve build in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included $180 million related to the Ally Lending acquisition.
Other Income
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Interchange revenue | $ | 256 | | | $ | 267 | | | $ | 760 | | | $ | 761 | |
Protection product revenue | 145 | | | 131 | | | 411 | | | 371 | |
Loyalty programs | (346) | | | (358) | | | (1,011) | | | (1,001) | |
Other | 64 | | | 52 | | | 1,233 | | | 87 | |
Total other income | $ | 119 | | | $ | 92 | | | $ | 1,393 | | | $ | 218 | |
Other income increased by $27 million to $119 million, and $1.2 billion to $1.4 billion, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The increase in other income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by the impact of our product, pricing and policy change related fees across all five of our sales platforms. This impact was partially offset by lower commission fees following the Pets Best disposition in March 2024 and venture investment losses in the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to net investment gains recognized in the prior year period.
The increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by the gain on sale related to the Pets Best disposition. The pre-tax gain amount of $1.1 billion is included within the Other component of Other Income in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Other Expense
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Employee costs | $ | 464 | | | $ | 444 | | | $ | 1,394 | | | $ | 1,346 | |
Professional fees | 231 | | | 219 | | | 687 | | | 614 | |
Marketing and business development | 123 | | | 125 | | | 377 | | | 389 | |
Information processing | 203 | | | 177 | | | 596 | | | 522 | |
Other | 168 | | | 189 | | | 518 | | | 571 | |
Total other expense | $ | 1,189 | | | $ | 1,154 | | | $ | 3,572 | | | $ | 3,442 | |
Other expense increased by $35 million, or 3.0% and by $130 million, or 3.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
The increase in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were primarily driven by costs related to the Ally Lending acquisition, technology investments, and preparatory expenses related to the late fee rule change, partially offset by lower operational losses. Technology investments primarily reflect higher amortization of capitalized software expenditures.
Provision for Income Taxes
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Effective tax rate | 23.2 | % | | 24.6 | % | | 23.9 | % | | 24.0 | % |
Provision for income taxes | $ | 239 | | | $ | 205 | | | $ | 855 | | | $ | 567 | |
The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to the resolution of certain tax matters in the current period. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased slightly compared to the same period in the prior year. For both periods presented, the effective tax rate differs from the applicable U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily due to state income taxes.
Platform Analysis
As discussed above under “—Our Sales Platforms,” we offer our credit products primarily through five sales platforms (Home & Auto, Digital, Diversified & Value, Health & Wellness and Lifestyle), which management measures based on their revenue-generating activities. The following is a discussion of certain supplemental information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, for each of our five sales platforms and Corp, Other.
Home & Auto
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Purchase volume | $ | 11,361 | | | $ | 12,273 | | | $ | 34,369 | | | $ | 35,989 | |
Period-end loan receivables | $ | 32,542 | | | $ | 31,648 | | | $ | 32,542 | | | $ | 31,648 | |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 32,613 | | | $ | 31,239 | | | $ | 32,358 | | | $ | 30,386 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands) | 19,157 | | | 19,223 | | | 19,136 | | | 18,894 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 1,489 | | | $ | 1,367 | | | $ | 4,290 | | | $ | 3,867 | |
Other income | $ | 56 | | | $ | 28 | | | $ | 127 | | | $ | 80 | |
Home & Auto interest and fees on loans increased by $122 million, or 8.9%, and increased by $423 million, or 10.9%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by higher average loan receivables and higher benchmark rates. The increase in average loan receivables for both periods primarily reflects the completion of the Ally Lending acquisition as well as the impact of lower customer payment rates, partially offset by lower purchase volume. Purchase volume decreased 7.4% and 4.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as the impact of the Ally Lending acquisition was more than offset by a combination of lower consumer traffic, fewer large ticket purchases and the impact of credit actions.
Other income increased by $28 million, or 100.0%, and $47 million, or 58.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The increases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were primarily due to the impact of product, pricing and policy change related fees, lower loyalty costs and higher protection product revenue.
Digital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Purchase volume | $ | 13,352 | | | $ | 13,808 | | | $ | 39,383 | | | $ | 39,541 | |
Period-end loan receivables | $ | 27,771 | | | $ | 26,685 | | | $ | 27,771 | | | $ | 26,685 | |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 27,704 | | | $ | 26,266 | | | $ | 27,776 | | | $ | 25,484 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands) | 20,787 | | | 20,768 | | | 21,033 | | | 20,641 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 1,593 | | | $ | 1,530 | | | $ | 4,704 | | | $ | 4,315 | |
Other income | $ | 4 | | | $ | (6) | | | $ | 10 | | | $ | (7) | |
Digital interest and fees on loans increased by $63 million, or 4.1%, and $389 million, or 9.0%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by higher average loan receivables, lower payment rates and higher benchmark rates. Purchase volume decreased by 3.3% and 0.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily driven by lower consumer spend per account and the impact of credit actions. Average active accounts remained flat and increased by 1.9%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
Diversified & Value
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Purchase volume | $ | 14,992 | | | $ | 15,445 | | | $ | 44,348 | | | $ | 44,240 | |
Period-end loan receivables | $ | 19,466 | | | $ | 18,865 | | | $ | 19,466 | | | $ | 18,865 | |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 19,413 | | | $ | 18,565 | | | $ | 19,455 | | | $ | 18,074 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands) | 19,960 | | | 20,410 | | | 20,448 | | | 20,571 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 1,209 | | | $ | 1,168 | | | $ | 3,588 | | | $ | 3,329 | |
Other income | $ | (11) | | | $ | (28) | | | $ | (50) | | | $ | (63) | |
Diversified & Value interest and fees on loans increased by $41 million, or 3.5%, and $259 million, or 7.8%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by growth in average loan receivables, lower payment rates and higher benchmark rates. Purchase volume decreased by 2.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily driven by lower consumer spend per account and the impact of credit actions. Purchase volume remained flat for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Average active accounts decreased by 2.2% and 0.6%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.
Health & Wellness
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Purchase volume | $ | 3,867 | | | $ | 3,990 | | | $ | 11,936 | | | $ | 11,695 | |
Period-end loan receivables | $ | 15,439 | | | $ | 14,019 | | | $ | 15,439 | | | $ | 14,019 | |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 15,311 | | | $ | 13,600 | | | $ | 15,041 | | | $ | 12,927 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands) | 7,801 | | | 7,276 | | | 7,713 | | | 7,076 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 956 | | | $ | 844 | | | $ | 2,736 | | | $ | 2,365 | |
Other income | $ | 68 | | | $ | 74 | | | $ | 182 | | | $ | 189 | |
Health & Wellness interest and fees on loans increased by $112 million, or 13.3%, and $371 million, or 15.7%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by higher average loan receivables. The growth in average loan receivables for both periods reflected higher purchase volume over the last 12 months and lower customer payment rates, as well as the completion of the Ally Lending acquisition. Purchase volume decreased 3.1%, and average active accounts increased 7.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as lower spend in Dental, Cosmetic and Vision, combined with the impact of credit actions, was partially offset by growth in Pet and Audiology. Purchase volume increased 2.1%, and average active accounts increased 9.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, reflecting growth in Pet and Audiology, partially offset by lower spend in Vision and Dental.
Other income decreased by $6 million, or 8.1%, and $7 million, or 3.7%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The decreases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were primarily due to lower commission fees following the Pets Best disposition, partially offset by higher protection product revenue and the impact of product, pricing and policy change related fees.
Lifestyle
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Purchase volume | $ | 1,411 | | | $ | 1,490 | | | $ | 4,180 | | | $ | 4,372 | |
Period-end loan receivables | $ | 6,831 | | | $ | 6,483 | | | $ | 6,831 | | | $ | 6,483 | |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 6,823 | | | $ | 6,383 | | | $ | 6,726 | | | $ | 6,137 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands) | 2,677 | | | 2,556 | | | 2,668 | | | 2,572 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 270 | | | $ | 249 | | | $ | 783 | | | $ | 704 | |
Other income | $ | 9 | | | $ | 8 | | | $ | 23 | | | $ | 22 | |
Lifestyle interest and fees on loans increased by $21 million, or 8.4%, and $79 million, or 11.2%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily driven by growth in average loan receivables and higher benchmark rates. The growth in average loan receivables for both periods reflected lower customer payment rates. Purchase volume decreased by 5.3% and 4.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, reflecting lower transaction values and the impact of credit actions.
Corp, Other
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three months ended September 30, | | Nine months ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2023 |
Purchase volume | $ | 2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 2 | |
Period-end loan receivables | $ | 144 | | | $ | 173 | | | $ | 144 | | | $ | 173 | |
Average loan receivables, including held for sale | $ | 145 | | | $ | 177 | | | $ | 128 | | | $ | 190 | |
Average active accounts (in thousands) | 42 | | | 75 | | | 54 | | | 88 | |
| | | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 5 | | | $ | (7) | | | $ | 15 | | | $ | (1) | |
Other income | $ | (7) | | | $ | 16 | | | $ | 1,101 | | | $ | (3) | |
Other income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 in Corp, Other primarily included the gain on sale related to the Pets Best disposition of $1.1 billion.
Loan Receivables
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Loan receivables are our largest category of assets and represent our primary source of revenue. The following discussion provides supplemental information regarding our loan receivables portfolio. See Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 5. Loan Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information related to our loan receivables.
The following table sets forth the composition of our loan receivables portfolio by product type at the dates indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | At September 30, 2024 | | % | | At December 31, 2023 | | % |
Loan receivables | | | | | |
Credit cards | $ | 94,008 | | | 92.0 | % | | $ | 97,043 | | | 94.2 | % |
Consumer installment loans | 6,125 | | | 6.0 | | | 3,977 | | | 3.9 | |
Commercial credit products | 1,936 | | | 1.9 | | | 1,839 | | | 1.8 | |
Other | 124 | | | 0.1 | | | 129 | | | 0.1 | |
Total loan receivables | $ | 102,193 | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 102,988 | | | 100.0 | % |
Loan receivables decreased 0.8% to $102.2 billion at September 30, 2024 compared to $103.0 billion at December 31, 2023, primarily driven by the seasonality of our business and lower purchase volume, partially offset by the Ally Lending acquisition and lower customer payment rates. Loan receivables related to the Ally Lending acquisition are included within Consumer installment loans at September 30, 2024 in the table above.
Loan receivables increased 4.4% to $102.2 billion at September 30, 2024 compared to $97.9 billion at September 30, 2023 driven by lower customer payment rates and the completion of the Ally Lending acquisition, partially offset by lower purchase volume.
Our loan receivables portfolio had the following geographic concentration at September 30, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | Loan Receivables Outstanding | | % of Total Loan Receivables Outstanding |
State |
Texas | $ | 11,273 | | | 11.0 | % |
California | $ | 10,513 | | | 10.3 | % |
Florida | $ | 9,521 | | | 9.3 | % |
New York | $ | 4,865 | | | 4.8 | % |
North Carolina | $ | 4,300 | | | 4.2 | % |
Delinquencies
Over-30 day loan delinquencies as a percentage of period-end loan receivables increased to 4.78% at September 30, 2024 from 4.40% at September 30, 2023, and increased from 4.74% at December 31, 2023. These increases were primarily driven by lower customer payment rates.
Net Charge-Offs
Net charge-offs consist of the unpaid principal balance of loans held for investment that we determine are uncollectible, net of recovered amounts. We exclude accrued and unpaid finance charges and fees and third-party fraud losses from charge-offs. Charged-off and recovered finance charges and fees are included in interest and fees on loans while third-party fraud losses are included in other expense. Charge-offs are recorded as a reduction to the allowance for credit losses and subsequent recoveries of previously charged-off amounts are credited to the allowance for credit losses. Costs incurred to recover charged-off loans are recorded as collection expense and included in Other expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
The table below sets forth the net charge-offs and ratio of annualized net charge-offs to average loan receivables, including held for sale, (“net charge-off rate”) for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Three months ended September 30, | | | | |
| | | | | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
($ in millions) | | | | | Amount | | Rate | | Amount | | Rate | | | | |
Credit cards | | | | | $ | 1,429 | | | 6.06 | % | | $ | 1,040 | | | 4.56 | % | | | | |
Consumer installment loans | | | | | 89 | | | 5.80 | % | | 49 | | | 5.32 | % | | | | |
Commercial credit products | | | | | 35 | | | 6.99 | % | | 26 | | | 5.54 | % | | | | |
Other | | | | | — | | | — | % | | 1 | | | 3.08 | % | | | | |
Total net charge-offs | | | | | $ | 1,553 | | | 6.06 | % | | $ | 1,116 | | | 4.60 | % | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Nine months ended September 30, | | | | |
| | | | | 2024 | | 2023 | | | | |
($ in millions) | | | | | Amount | | Rate | | Amount | | Rate | | | | |
Credit cards | | | | | $ | 4,392 | | | 6.26 | % | | $ | 3,003 | | | 4.57 | % | | | | |
Consumer installment loans | | | | | 263 | | | 6.22 | % | | 127 | | | 5.03 | % | | | | |
Commercial credit products | | | | | 103 | | | 7.03 | % | | 87 | | | 6.50 | % | | | | |
Other | | | | | 1 | | | 1.06 | % | | 1 | | | 1.10 | % | | | | |
Total net charge-offs | | | | | $ | 4,759 | | | 6.26 | % | | $ | 3,218 | | | 4.62 | % | | | | |
Allowance for Credit Losses
The allowance for credit losses totaled $11.0 billion at September 30, 2024, compared to $10.6 billion at December 31, 2023, respectively, and $10.2 billion at September 30, 2023, and reflects our estimate of expected credit losses for the life of the loan receivables on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Our allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total period end loan receivables increased to 10.79% at September 30, 2024, from 10.26% at December 31, 2023 and increased from 10.40% at September 30, 2023.
The increase in allowance for credit losses compared to December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 includes the addition of the Ally Lending portfolio. See Note 5. Loan Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Funding, Liquidity and Capital Resources
____________________________________________________________________________________________
We maintain a strong focus on liquidity and capital. Our funding, liquidity and capital policies are designed to ensure that our business has the liquidity and capital resources to support our daily operations, our business growth, our credit ratings and our regulatory and policy requirements, in a cost effective and prudent manner through expected and unexpected market environments.
Funding Sources
Our primary funding sources include cash from operations, deposits (direct and brokered deposits), securitized financings and senior and subordinated unsecured notes.
The following table summarizes information concerning our funding sources during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2024 | | 2023 |
Three months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate | | Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate |
Deposits(1) | $ | 82,100 | | | 83.9 | % | | 4.7 | % | | $ | 75,952 | | | 83.7 | % | | 4.2 | % |
Securitized financings | 7,817 | | | 8.0 | | | 5.5 | % | | 6,096 | | | 6.7 | | | 5.6 | % |
Senior and subordinated unsecured notes | 7,968 | | | 8.1 | | | 5.0 | % | | 8,710 | | | 9.6 | | | 4.8 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | $ | 97,885 | | | 100.0 | % | | 4.8 | % | | $ | 90,758 | | | 100.0 | % | | 4.3 | % |
______________________ (1)Excludes $387 million and $401 million average balance of non-interest-bearing deposits for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Non-interest-bearing deposits comprise less than 10% of total deposits for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2024 | | 2023 |
Nine months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate | | Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate |
Deposits(1) | $ | 82,481 | | | 83.8 | % | | 4.7 | % | | $ | 74,340 | | | 83.5 | % | | 3.7 | % |
Securitized financings | 7,686 | | | 7.8 | | | 5.6 | % | | 6,062 | | | 6.8 | | | 5.3 | % |
Senior and subordinated unsecured notes | 8,238 | | | 8.4 | | | 4.9 | % | | 8,621 | | | 9.7 | | | 4.9 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | $ | 98,405 | | | 100.0 | % | | 4.8 | % | | $ | 89,023 | | | 100.0 | % | | 3.9 | % |
______________________(1)Excludes $391 million and $410 million average balance of non-interest-bearing deposits for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Non-interest-bearing deposits comprise less than 10% of total deposits for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
Deposits
We obtain deposits directly from retail, affinity relationships and commercial customers (“direct deposits”) or through third-party brokerage firms that offer our deposits to their customers (“brokered deposits”). At September 30, 2024, we had $71.6 billion in direct deposits and $10.7 billion in deposits originated through brokerage firms (including network deposit sweeps procured through a program arranger that channels brokerage account deposits to us). A key part of our liquidity plan and funding strategy is to continue to utilize our direct deposit base as a source of stable and diversified low-cost funding.
Our direct deposits are primarily from retail customers and include a range of FDIC-insured deposit products, including certificates of deposit, IRAs, money market accounts, savings accounts, sweep and affinity deposits.
Brokered deposits are primarily from retail customers of large brokerage firms. We have relationships with 10 brokers that offer our deposits through their networks. Our brokered deposits consist primarily of certificates of deposit that bear interest at a fixed rate. These deposits generally are not subject to early withdrawal.
Our ability to attract deposits is sensitive to, among other things, the interest rates we pay, and therefore, we bear funding risk if we fail to pay higher rates, or interest rate risk if we are required to pay higher rates, to retain existing deposits or attract new deposits. To mitigate these risks, our funding strategy includes a range of deposit products, and we seek to maintain access to multiple other funding sources, including securitized financings (including our undrawn committed and uncommitted capacity) and unsecured debt.
The following table summarizes certain information regarding our interest-bearing deposits by type (all of which constitute U.S. deposits) for the periods indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Three months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 |
Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate | | Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate |
Direct deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Certificates of deposit (including IRA certificates of deposit) | $ | 40,454 | | | 49.3 | % | | 4.9 | % | | $ | 34,436 | | | 45.3 | % | | 4.1 | % |
Savings, money market, and demand accounts | 30,281 | | | 36.9 | | | 4.5 | % | | 28,746 | | | 37.9 | | | 4.4 | % |
Brokered deposits | 11,365 | | | 13.8 | | | 4.6 | % | | 12,770 | | | 16.8 | | | 4.0 | % |
Total interest-bearing deposits | $ | 82,100 | | | 100.0 | % | | 4.7 | % | | $ | 75,952 | | | 100.0 | % | | 4.2 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nine months ended September 30 ($ in millions) | 2024 | | 2023 |
Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate | | Average Balance | | % | | Average Rate |
Direct deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Certificates of deposit (including IRA certificates of deposit) | $ | 40,614 | | | 49.3 | % | | 4.8 | % | | $ | 32,115 | | | 43.2 | % | | 3.5 | % |
Savings, money market, and demand accounts | 29,467 | | | 35.7 | | | 4.6 | % | | 29,180 | | | 39.3 | | | 3.9 | % |
Brokered deposits | 12,400 | | | 15.0 | | | 4.5 | % | | 13,045 | | | 17.5 | | | 3.8 | % |
Total interest-bearing deposits | $ | 82,481 | | | 100.0 | % | | 4.7 | % | | $ | 74,340 | | | 100.0 | % | | 3.7 | % |
Our deposit liabilities provide funding with maturities ranging from one day to ten years. At September 30, 2024, the weighted average maturity of our interest-bearing time deposits was one year. See Note 8. Deposits to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information on the maturities of our time deposits.
The following table summarizes deposits by contractual maturity at September 30, 2024:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | 3 Months or Less | | Over 3 Months but within 6 Months | | Over 6 Months but within 12 Months | | Over 12 Months | | Total |
U.S. deposits (less than FDIC insurance limit)(1)(2) | $ | 32,972 | | | $ | 6,572 | | | $ | 17,483 | | | $ | 7,745 | | | $ | 64,772 | |
U.S. deposits (in excess of FDIC insurance limit)(2) | | | | | | | | | |
Direct deposits: | | | | | | | | | |
Certificates of deposit (including IRA certificates of deposit) | 1,485 | | | 2,322 | | | 5,620 | | | 1,587 | | | 11,014 | |
Savings, money market, and demand accounts | 6,498 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 6,498 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | $ | 40,955 | | | $ | 8,894 | | | $ | 23,103 | | | $ | 9,332 | | | $ | 82,284 | |
______________________
(1)Includes brokered certificates of deposit for which underlying individual deposit balances are assumed to be less than $250,000.
(2)The standard deposit insurance amount is $250,000 per depositor, for each account ownership category. Deposits in excess of FDIC insurance limit presented above include partially insured accounts. Our estimate of the uninsured portion of these deposit balances at September 30, 2024 was approximately $6.0 billion.
Securitized Financings
We access the asset-backed securitization market using the Synchrony Card Issuance Trust (“SYNIT”) through which we may issue asset-backed securities through both public transactions and private transactions funded by financial institutions and commercial paper conduits. In addition, we issue asset-backed securities in private transactions through the Synchrony Credit Card Master Note Trust (“SYNCT”) and the Synchrony Sales Finance Master Trust (“SFT”).
The following table summarizes expected contractual maturities of the investors’ interests in securitized financings, excluding debt premiums, discounts and issuance costs at September 30, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
($ in millions) | Less Than One Year | | One Year Through Three Years | | Four Years Through Five Years | | After Five Years | | Total |
Scheduled maturities of long-term borrowings—owed to securitization investors: | | | | | | | | | |
SYNCT | $ | 550 | | | $ | 1,100 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,650 | |
SFT | 450 | | | 1,000 | | | — | | | — | | | 1,450 | |
SYNIT(1) | 1,675 | | | 3,250 | | | — | | | — | | | 4,925 | |
Total long-term borrowings—owed to securitization investors | $ | 2,675 | | | $ | 5,350 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,025 | |
______________________
(1)Excludes any subordinated classes of SYNIT notes that we owned at September 30, 2024.
We retain exposure to the performance of trust assets through: (i) in the case of SYNCT, SFT and SYNIT, subordinated retained interests in the loan receivables transferred to the trust in excess of the principal amount of the notes for a given series that provide credit enhancement for a particular series, as well as a pari passu seller’s interest in each trust and (ii) in the case of SYNIT, any subordinated classes of notes that we own.
All of our securitized financings include early repayment triggers, referred to as early amortization events, including events related to material breaches of representations, warranties or covenants, inability or failure of the Bank to transfer loan receivables to the trusts as required under the securitization documents, failure to make required payments or deposits pursuant to the securitization documents, and certain insolvency-related events with respect to the related securitization depositor, Synchrony (solely with respect to SYNCT) or the Bank. In addition, an early amortization event will occur with respect to a series if the excess spread as it relates to a particular series or for the trust, as applicable, falls below zero. Following an early amortization event, principal collections on the loan receivables in the applicable trust are applied to repay principal of the trust's asset-backed securities rather than being available on a revolving basis to fund the origination activities of our business. The occurrence of an early amortization event also would limit or terminate our ability to issue future series out of the trust in which the early amortization event occurred. No early amortization event has occurred with respect to any of the securitized financings in SYNCT, SFT or SYNIT.
The following table summarizes for each of our trusts the three-month rolling average excess spread at September 30, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Note Principal Balance ($ in millions) | | # of Series Outstanding | | Three-Month Rolling Average Excess Spread(1) |
SYNCT | $ | 1,650 | | | 3 | | | ~ 14.8 - 15.6% |
SFT | $ | 1,450 | | | 5 | | | 12.5 | % |
SYNIT | $ | 4,925 | | | 1 | | | 17.2 | % |
______________________
(1)Represents the excess spread (generally calculated as interest income collected from the applicable pool of loan receivables less applicable net charge-offs, interest expense and servicing costs, divided by the aggregate principal amount of loan receivables in the applicable pool) for SFT or, in the case of SYNCT, a range of the excess spreads relating to the particular series issued within such trust or, in the case of SYNIT, the excess spread relating to the one outstanding series issued within such trust, in all cases omitting any series that have not been outstanding for at least three full monthly periods and calculated in accordance with the applicable trust or series documentation, for the three securitization monthly periods ended September 30, 2024.
Senior and Subordinated Unsecured Notes
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we made repayments totaling $1.85 billion of senior unsecured notes issued by Synchrony Financial.
The following table provides a summary of our outstanding fixed rate senior and subordinated unsecured notes at September 30, 2024, which includes $750 million of senior unsecured notes issued by Synchrony Financial in August 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Issuance Date | | Interest Rate(1) | | Maturity | | Principal Amount Outstanding(2) |
($ in millions) | | | | | | |
Fixed rate senior unsecured notes: | | | | | | |
Synchrony Financial | | | | | | |
July 2015 | | 4.500% | | July 2025 | | 1,000 | |
August 2016 | | 3.700% | | August 2026 | | 500 | |
December 2017 | | 3.950% | | December 2027 | | 1,000 | |
March 2019 | | 5.150% | | March 2029 | | 650 | |
October 2021 | | 2.875% | | October 2031 | | 750 | |
June 2022 | | 4.875% | | June 2025 | | 750 | |
Synchrony Bank | | | | | | |
August 2022 | | 5.400% | | August 2025 | | 900 | |
August 2022 | | 5.625% | | August 2027 | | 600 | |
| | | | | | |
Fixed to floating rate senior unsecured notes: | | | | | | |
Synchrony Financial | | | | | | |
August 2024 | | 5.935%(3) | | August 2030 | | 750 | |
| | | | | | |
Fixed rate subordinated unsecured notes: | | | | | | |
Synchrony Financial | | | | | | |
February 2023 | | 7.250% | | February 2033 | | 750 | |
Total fixed rate and fixed to floating rate senior and subordinated unsecured notes | | | | | | $ | 7,650 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
______________________
(1)Weighted average interest rate of all senior and subordinated unsecured notes at September 30, 2024 was 4.91%.
(2)The amounts shown exclude unamortized debt discounts, premiums and issuance costs.
(3)Interest rate fixed through August 1, 2029; resets August 2, 2029 to floating rate based on compounded Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus 213 basis points.
Short-Term Borrowings
Except as described above, there were no material short-term borrowings for the periods presented.
Covenants
The indentures pursuant to which our senior and subordinated unsecured notes have been issued include various covenants. If we do not satisfy any of these covenants, the maturity of amounts outstanding thereunder may be accelerated and become payable. We were in compliance with all of these covenants at September 30, 2024.
At September 30, 2024, we were not in default under any of our credit facilities.
Credit Ratings
Our borrowing costs and capacity in certain funding markets, including securitizations and senior and subordinated debt, may be affected by the credit ratings of the Company, the Bank and the ratings of our asset-backed securities.
The table below reflects our current credit ratings and outlooks:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| S&P | | Fitch Ratings |
Synchrony Financial | | | |
Senior unsecured debt | BBB- | | BBB- |
Subordinated unsecured debt | BB+ | | BB+ |
Preferred stock | BB- | | B+ |
Outlook for Synchrony Financial | Stable | | Positive |
Synchrony Bank | | | |
Senior unsecured debt | BBB | | BBB- |
Outlook for Synchrony Bank | Stable | | Positive |
In addition, certain of the asset-backed securities issued by SYNIT are rated by Fitch, S&P and/or Moody’s. A credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization, and each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Downgrades in these credit ratings could materially increase the cost of our funding from, and restrict our access to, the capital markets.
Liquidity
____________________________________________________________________________________________
We seek to ensure that we have adequate liquidity to sustain business operations, fund asset growth, satisfy debt obligations and to meet regulatory expectations under normal and stress conditions.
We maintain policies outlining the overall framework and general principles for managing liquidity risk across our business, which is the responsibility of our Asset and Liability Management Committee, a management committee under the oversight of the Risk Committee of our Board of Directors. We employ a variety of metrics to monitor and manage liquidity. We perform regular liquidity stress testing and contingency planning as part of our liquidity management process. We evaluate a range of stress scenarios including Company specific and systemic events that could impact funding sources and our ability to meet liquidity needs.
We maintain a liquidity portfolio, which at September 30, 2024 had $19.7 billion of liquid assets, primarily consisting of cash and equivalents, less cash in transit which is not considered to be liquid, compared to $16.8 billion of liquid assets at December 31, 2023. The increase in liquid assets was primarily due to deposit growth and the issuances of securitized debt and preferred stock, as well as the proceeds from the Pets Best disposition. We believe our liquidity position at September 30, 2024 remains strong as we continue to operate in a period of uncertain economic conditions and we will continue to closely monitor our liquidity as economic conditions change.
As a general matter, investments included in our liquidity portfolio are expected to be highly liquid, giving us the ability to readily convert them to cash. The level and composition of our liquidity portfolio may fluctuate based upon the level of expected maturities of our funding sources as well as operational requirements and market conditions.
We also have access to several additional sources of liquidity beyond our liquidity portfolio. At September 30, 2024, we had an aggregate of $11.4 billion of available borrowing capacity through the Federal Reserve’s discount window. In addition, we had $2.7 billion of undrawn capacity on our securitized financings, subject to customary borrowing conditions, from private lenders under our securitization programs, of which $2.2 billion was committed and $450 million was uncommitted, as well as $500 million of undrawn committed capacity under our unsecured revolving credit facility with private lenders. We also have other unencumbered assets in the Bank available to be used to generate additional liquidity through secured borrowings or asset sales or to be pledged to the Federal Reserve Board for credit at the discount window.
We rely significantly on dividends and other distributions and payments from the Bank for liquidity; however, bank regulations, contractual restrictions and other factors limit the amount of dividends and other distributions and payments that the Bank may pay to us. For a discussion of regulatory restrictions on the Bank’s ability to pay dividends, see “Regulation—Risk Factors Relating to Regulation—We are subject to restrictions that limit our ability to pay dividends and repurchase our common stock; the Bank is subject to restrictions that limit its ability to pay dividends to us, which could limit our ability to pay dividends, repurchase our common stock or make payments on our indebtedness” and “Regulation—Regulation Relating to Our Business—Savings Association Regulation—Dividends and Stock Repurchases” in our 2023 Form 10-K.
Capital
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Our primary sources of capital have been earnings generated by our business and existing equity capital. We seek to manage capital to a level and composition sufficient to support the risks of our business, meet regulatory requirements, adhere to rating agency targets and support future business growth. The level, composition and utilization of capital are influenced by changes in the economic environment, strategic initiatives and legislative and regulatory developments. Within these constraints, we are focused on deploying capital in a manner that will provide attractive returns to our stockholders.
Beginning in 2024, we are now subject to the Federal Reserve Board's formal capital plan submission requirements and have submitted our capital plan to the Federal Reserve Board.
Dividend and Share Repurchases
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Common Stock Cash Dividends Declared | | Month of Payment | | Amount per Common Share | | Amount |
($ in millions, except per share data) | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31, 2024 | | February 2024 | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 102 | |
Three months ended June 30, 2024 | | May 2024 | | 0.25 | | | 100 | |
Three months ended September 30, 2024 | | August 2024 | | 0.25 | | | 99 | |
Total dividends declared | | | | $ | 0.75 | | | $ | 301 | |
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Series A Preferred Stock Cash Dividends Declared | | Month of Payment | | Amount per Preferred Share | | Amount |
($ in millions, except per share data) | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31, 2024 | | February 2024 | | $ | 14.06 | | | $ | 11 | |
Three months ended June 30, 2024 | | May 2024 | | 14.06 | | | 10 | |
Three months ended September 30, 2024 | | August 2024 | | 14.06 | | | 11 | |
Total Series A dividends declared | | | | $ | 42.18 | | | $ | 32 | |
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Series B Preferred Stock Cash Dividends Declared | | Month of Payment | | Amount per Preferred Share | | Amount |
($ in millions, except per share data) | | | | | | |
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Three months ended June 30, 2024 | | May 2024 | | $ | 18.79 | | | $ | 9 | |
Three months ended September 30, 2024 | | August 2024 | | 20.63 | | | 10 | |
Total Series B dividends declared | | | | $ | 39.42 | | | $ | 19 | |
In February 2024, we issued depositary shares representing $500 million of Series B 8.250% fixed rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, with dividends payable quarterly beginning in May 2024. The declaration and payment of future dividends to holders of our common and preferred stock will be at the discretion of the Board and will depend on many factors. For a discussion of regulatory and other restrictions on our ability to pay dividends and repurchase stock, see “Regulation—Risk Factors Relating to Regulation—We are subject to restrictions that limit our ability to pay dividends and repurchase our common stock; the Bank is subject to restrictions that limit its ability to pay dividends to us, which could limit our ability to pay dividends, repurchase our common stock or make payments on our indebtedness” in our 2023 Form 10-K.
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Common Shares Repurchased Under Publicly Announced Programs | | Total Number of Shares Purchased | | Dollar Value of Shares Purchased |
($ and shares in millions) | | | | |
Three months ended March 31, 2024 | | 7.5 | | | $ | 300 | |
Three months ended June 30, 2024 | | 6.9 | | | 300 | |
Three months ended September 30, 2024 | | 6.6 | | | 300 | |
Total | | 21.0 | | | $ | 900 | |
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased $900 million of common stock as part of our 2023 share repurchase program. In April 2024, the Board of Directors approved an incremental share repurchase program of up to $1.0 billion through June 30, 2025 (the "2024 plan"). At September 30, 2024, $700 million of the authorization capacity under the 2024 plan remained outstanding. Repurchases under this program are subject to market conditions and other factors, including legal and regulatory restrictions and required approvals, if any.
Regulatory Capital Requirements - Synchrony Financial
As a savings and loan holding company, we are required to maintain minimum capital ratios, under the applicable U.S. Basel III capital rules. For more information, see “Regulation—Savings and Loan Holding Company Regulation” in our 2023 Form 10-K.
For Synchrony Financial to be a well-capitalized savings and loan holding company, Synchrony Bank must be well-capitalized and Synchrony Financial must not be subject to any written agreement, order, capital directive, or prompt corrective action directive issued by the Federal Reserve Board to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. At September 30, 2024, Synchrony Financial met all the requirements to be deemed well-capitalized.
The following table sets forth the composition of our capital ratios for the Company calculated under the Basel III Standardized Approach rules at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
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| Basel III |
| At September 30, 2024 | | At December 31, 2023 |
($ in millions) | Amount | | Ratio(1) | | Amount | | Ratio(1) |
Total risk-based capital | $ | 16,864 | | | 16.4 | % | | $ | 15,464 | | | 14.9 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | $ | 14,723 | | | 14.3 | % | | $ | 13,334 | | | 12.9 | % |
Tier 1 leverage | $ | 14,723 | | | 12.5 | % | | $ | 13,334 | | | 11.7 | % |
Common equity Tier 1 capital | $ | 13,501 | | | 13.1 | % | | $ | 12,600 | | | 12.2 | % |
Risk-weighted assets | $ | 103,103 | | | | | $ | 103,460 | | | |
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(1)Tier 1 leverage ratio represents total Tier 1 capital as a percentage of total average assets, after certain adjustments. All other ratios presented above represent the applicable capital measure as a percentage of risk-weighted assets.
The Company elected to adopt the option provided by the interim final rule issued by joint federal bank regulatory agencies, which largely delayed the effects of CECL on our regulatory capital. Beginning in the first quarter of 2022, the effects are being phased-in over a three-year transitional period through 2024, collectively the “CECL regulatory capital transition adjustment”. The effects of CECL on our regulatory capital will be fully phased-in beginning in the first quarter of 2025. For more information, see “Capital—Regulatory Capital Requirements - Synchrony Financial” in our 2023 Form 10-K.
Capital amounts and ratios in the above table all reflect the applicable CECL regulatory capital transition adjustment for each period. The increase in our common equity Tier 1 capital ratio compared to December 31, 2023 was primarily due to the retention of net earnings during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the net impact of the Pets Best disposition and Ally Lending acquisition, partially offset by the third year phase-in of the impact of CECL on our regulatory capital.
Regulatory Capital Requirements - Synchrony Bank
At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Bank met all applicable requirements to be deemed well-capitalized pursuant to OCC regulations and for purposes of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. The following table sets forth the composition of the Bank’s capital ratios calculated under the Basel III Standardized Approach rules at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and also reflects the applicable CECL regulatory capital transition adjustment for each period.
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| At September 30, 2024 | | At December 31, 2023 | | Minimum to be Well-Capitalized under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions |
($ in millions) | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio | | Ratio |
Total risk-based capital | $ | |